【操作要领】预设问题，引导预学—探究问题，合作学习—解决问题，适时点拨—反思问题，巩固拓展1.预设问题，引导预学在授课之前，教师要做好充分的准备。根据Project课标要求，精心挑选出需要学生讨论解决的问题。问题的挑选要有梯度，要能让学生有思索的空间。问题的设置同时需要注意与本课的activity相关，问题与activity的相关性能够充分调动学生参与的积极性。2.探究问题，合作学习在幻灯片上呈现出选择的问题，并引导学生初步了解问题，然后按照要求完成规定任务（如课文相关问题；课文相关的任务型阅读等）。在完成任务的基础上，学生根据固定的学习小组进行分组探究，合作学习，并确定代表人选。此环节注意点：1.学生根据讨论情况做适当记载。2.教师做好巡导工作，亦可参与部分小组讨论，以了解情况。3.小组活动的成功与否在于分组的科学性，应遵循“组内异质，组间同质”的原则，形成固定的学习小组。小组活动着重培养学生的钻研精神，只有发挥学生的自主能动性，才能真正体现学生为主体这一理念。4.引导学生利用字典，笔记以及身边的教辅资料去积极探索问题的解决方法。3.解决问题，适时点拨经过学生的合作与探究，挑选部分学生解决呈现的问题，选择的学生不能倾向于英语学习基础较好的学生，而更应关注基础稍差的学生。如出现原则性的错误，教师此时可以让其他小组进行纠正并给出理由。学生能够解决的问题教师尽量不予干涉。如果学生都有困难，此时教师可以使用启发性问题，逐步剖析，直至学生彻底理解。要想使该步骤不流于形式，真正发挥学生的主观能动性还需注意一下几点：1.小组代表的发言声音不能过低，否则学生听不到讲的东西。也不能学生说一句老师重复一句，既浪费了时间又达不到效果。2.允许小组代表犯错并可以请其它小组的同学帮忙，只有给学生一个宽松的氛围学生才会愿意表达、喜欢表达。3.鼓励小组代表充当小老师，不仅自己讲解问题还可以点名让其它同学回答问题，从而形成生生互动，学生也会更有激情。4.反思问题，巩固拓展前面的几个环节解决了Project中阅读中暴露的问题，但是难免有学生讲不到位的情况，此时教师可以通过二次练习的变式训练做到让学生学会举一反三。其中题目要有典型性、层次性，教师的点评要有知识、能力、思想方法的提炼和点拨。   要求学生利用每节课结束前3到5分钟时间对本节课内容进行反思并在笔记本上进行整理记载。                    【导学案】   Module 6 Unit 4 Project---Making an action plan一.课标导读：1.Give students a chance to practise their English by completing aproject.2. Letstudents use what they have learnt to finish a project by working hard.3. Pay attention todifficult sentences and phrases in order to analyze them by working together二.问题导思：Ⅰ.Before reading，students are supposed to answerthe following questions:
Have you ever heard of an     organization called MSF?

What does MSF stand for? And     what does it mean in English?

What do you think the members     of MSF do?
Ⅱ. Go through the passage quicklyand get the main idea. Then find answers to the first three questions on partB.1.        Whatthings could you do to help people in your community?2.        Whowould you choose to help?3.        Whatwould you need to set up to help them?Ⅲ. According to the outline of a plan , thenfill in the blanks.                 Title:______________________________                 Groupmembers:____________________Outline of a plan   Place:______________________________                 Situation:___________________________                 Purpose:____________________________                 Ways:_______________________________                 Significance: ________________________Report:三.例题导练Ⅰ. Accordingto the outline of a plan above, choose a topic from the following topics, thendiscuss in groups and prepare to present your report to the whole class. (4students in each group)1: Pooreconomy: work hard on the farm, little income lack high technology and so on2.Stay-at-home children: lack family love; help with farming;look after younger brothers orsisters; collect wood3. Pooreducation: lack of school facilities（设施）; not enough teachers4. Theaged: no one supports them; not so healthy; being lonely……Ⅱ.. Translation:1.这里的情形很不一样，存在的问题也不同。2.回想起我加入无国界医生组织以来在世界各地的所有经历，我觉得自己非常幸运，能够帮助别人做一些价值的事情。 【课堂实录】Module 6 Unit 4 Project---Making an action plan一．预设问题，引导预学T: This period we will learn Projec ofModule 6, Unit 4 together. First, let’s look at the title – Making an actionplan.Q1 : According to the pictures, Whatproblems areAfricafacing now?Q2: What cause the problems inAfrica?Q3: Whatis MSF?Conclusion:MSF is an international humanitarian (人道主义的)organizationthat provides emergency medical assistance to populations in need.二．生成问题，整体把握1. True or False questions (请学生回答)Although there is too much work to do, shecan still afford to write her diary every day.The town is in ruins, but fortunately thehospital remains in good condition and usable.Before working in this island, she hasworked in other poor areas.There are altogether five people on themedical team, two doctors , one nurse and two assistants.Several MSF staff were attacked as peopleon the island tried to get the food.2. Reading comprehension(详见材料)Follow the rest part of the diary and tryto find the answers to the questions.1.Can she communicate with the local peopleeasily? Why?2.What was their first job here? And what do you think of it?3. How does she feel when thinking of herexperiences as a member of MSF?三．解决问题，适时点拨Ask students to find the Ways that MSFnurses help peopleT: How many ways have you found that MSFnurses help people?1. set up centers to ensure that people getfood2. check the health of babies to make surethat they were putting on weight3. give children shots to stop them dyingfrom diseases4. set up a temporary clinic to take careof injuries5. listen to and comfort people as well6. bury the dead bodies as quickly aspossible to stop disease spreadingConclusion:Writedown the outline of an action plan（shownon the screen）
                    The writer’s action planTitle:           Changing the worldGroup members: Doctors, nurses, assistantsPlace:           On an islandSituation:        Hospital damaged and unusable;Fields and harvest destroyed; people needing to talk;Purpose:         To help people out of troubleWays:1. set up centers to ensure thatpeople get food2. check the health of babies to make surethat they were putting on weight3. give children shots to stopthem dying from diseases4. set up a temporary clinic totake care of injuries5. listen to and comfort people aswell6. bury the dead bodies as quickly aspossible to stop disease spreadingSignificance:      Make a difference to people’s lives四．探究问题，合作学习Topicsgiven as followsT: We have learnt tomake an action plan. So, based on the questions at page 63, it is your turn tomake your action plan. Discuss in groups and make an action plan from thetopics you have been given.1: Pooreconomy: work hard on the farm, little income lack high technology and so on2.Stay-at-home children: lack family love; help with farming;look after younger brothers orsisters; collect wood3. Pooreducation: lack of school facilities（设施）; not enough teachershigh dropping rate……（高辍学率）4. Theaged: no one supports them; not so healthy; being lonely……GroupworkT: Discusswith your group members, make an action plan according to the topic you choose.Then make an action plan, finally, you are supposed to come to the blackboardto present your report to usChoose4-5 students and encourage them to come the front, share their reports. 【教学反思】本节课的目的在于让学生通过project的学习，在小组合作的前提下，学会制作自己的plan。在实践的课堂中，学生讨论的氛围及效果基本达到要求，能够呈现出比较完整的report。但是对于少部分同学来讲，由于report是一篇短文，对于文章行文能力较高，因此部分同学完成report部分不是非常理想。本节课注重学生在预习过程中提出的疑问和课堂活动中的生成问题，让学生通过合作讨论，解决问题。并在教学过程中体现老师的主导作用，适时引导学生归纳总结。新课改的理念在于发挥学生的主体作用，教师的主导作用，以问题为主线，思维为核心。关键在于充分调动学生的积极性，不在于老师讲多少，而在于学生的思维深度及广度能够得到有效的锻炼，所以以后在实践课堂中，这种模式需要不断的强化以及提升。