【操作要领】问题导入——合作学习——总结反思——巩固应用1.问题导入“问题导入”是讲评课的重要环节之一，它直接关系到本节课的教学目的、教学重点和难点．因此教师在试卷讲评之前，务必做好充分的准备。根据读卡数据、批改情况及学生反馈的问题，总结归类出值得学生上课讨论解决的问题。重点关注以下问题：(1)学生多次接触过但依然没有理解。(2)学生读题不当，受干扰信息影响而导致错误率高。(3)错误率不很高但涉及到由点及面的知识点。(4)有助于提升学生的有效思维能力的知识。另外，教学过程中暴露的生成问题也不容忽视。学生在师生互动、生生互动或其它教学活动中有可能会生成一些其它问题，教师课前需要对学生有可能暴露出的问题及原因作出预判，做好相关知识或技能的点拨准备，并且以此为抓手去设置问题，引导学生通过讨论，反思错误原因，相互取长补短共同解决问题，形成相对完整的知识网络。2.合作学习根据呈现的问题，学生分组合作学习。小组成员的组合符合同组异质，异组同质的原则.每个小组必须事先确定组长、记录、结果展示人选。小组合作学习时，教师进行巡视，了解讨论进展情况，确保人人有效参与，必要时适当点拨。3.反思总结学生经过合作与探究学习之后，小组代表起立或到讲台展示讨论结果。该步骤需注意以下几点：(1)小组代表的发言声音不能过低，否则学生听不到所讲的东西，或学生说一句老师重复一句，既浪费了时间又打断了学生的思路，影响预期效果。(2)允许小组代表暴露问题，其它小组同学提出异议。这种辩论式的生生互动的学习氛围有利于学生发散性思维，深层理解某一或某系列问题，提升分析问题、解决问题的能力。(3)鼓励小组代表充当小老师，不仅自己讲解问题还可以点名让其它同学回答问题，激发更多学生参与商讨问题，活跃课堂气氛。在师生讨论、反思、解决问题的基础上，教师引导学生总结本节课解决问题所用的常规思路、方法或技巧,反思读题或非智力因素产生的失分原因。通过有效总结、提炼规律、摸索方法，进而不断深化学生的思维，逐步培养学生自主归纳总结的习惯和能力，通过反思，强化细心读题的重要性。4.巩固应用巩固拓展练习的设计要具有典型性、梯度性。可以是重复再现或变式再现学生所做错的原题，考查学生对原知识点的再认知能力和灵活应用能力；也可以是一系列与错误知识点相关的问题，使学生通过这些巩固拓展练习，形成由点及面的知识网络。另外，教师还需要设置一些有一定思维量的问题，着重考查学生自主分析问题和解决问题的能力，使之养成独立思考、多维度思考的好习惯，并在理解、体验、感悟中生成新的知识，挖掘出学生的潜在智慧和创造能力。 【导学案】限时训练八I.Lead In (Check the answers and pay attention to the problems)21-25 C       A D      D      ABCD   B  26-30 D       AC      B      A        D31-35 ABCD   ABD    CD    AB       ABCD56-59 C       B        C     D  60-63 AB     BC      BCD   ABCD 64-66 CD     AB      D  67-70 A      B        CD    DII. Group Work(Work in groups and try to solve the problems. Consult the dictionary ornotebooks when necessary.)Advice:When discussing with your partners, you’d better focus on thefollowing questions1. What is the right choice? Why?2. Why are other choices wrong?3. What should we pay attention to when dealing with this kind ofproblem?III. SkillSummary (Volunteers come to the front and solve the problems by explaining keypoints as well as summing up skills. Others or the teacher may polish up theanswers when necessary.)IV.Immediate Application ( Put what you have learnt into practice.)1. TranslationThings at the worst will mend. ___________  Troubles never come singly. ___________Time and tide wait for no man. ___________  Fear always springs from ignorance. _______2. Fill in the blankscommand  compare  comment  commit ⑴He didn’t _________ on what his son said.⑵ Tom is thebest student in our class, but _________ with those in other classes, he’s justa big fish in a little pond.⑶ I_________ that he go to the headmaster’s office at once.⑷ The President is _________ to reforming health care.⑸ He _________(_________/_________/_________) himself to learningChinese Kongfu. impressive  deliberate  ambiguous  flexible⑴His speech at the meeting was so _________ that all of us admiredhim.⑵ At last, I decided to work in that company because it could offer_________ working time .⑶ _________ expressions can’t be used in the contract to avoidmisunderstandings.⑷ I’m sorry to have hurt you, but I didn’t do it _________.compensate for head for apply for account for⑴She was _________ _________ the door when the telephone rang.⑵ Nothing can _________ _________ the loss of his health.⑶ We’ll _________ you _________ the damage done to your house.⑷ —Jimmy had a lot of parties recently.    —Yes, that might _________ _________why hedidn’t do well in the test.⑸ It’s about time you _________ _________ a job. 【课堂实录】限时训练八一、问题导入Today, we’ll deal with theexercises you did yesterday. To begin with, I’ll give you 20 minutes to finishStep I and II on the paper. Secondly, 15 minutes will be given you to presentyour results and sum up skills. Thirdly, you’ll have 10 minutes to do someexercises to see whether you can apply what you have learnt to practice. Youcan begin now.二、合作学习Students work ingroups and try to solve the problems. They can consult the dictionary ornotebooks whennecessary.Meanwhile, the teacher walks around to see whether they need some guidance.After 17 minutes, write the group numberswhich need to come to the front to present the results.(G122. 24. 31; G6 33. 34. 35; G8 60. 62. 63; G12 64. 69)三、反思总结Now, it’s time for you to present your results andsum up some skills. First, let’s welcome the representative from group 1.S1 : 22题正确答案为D。这题使用了词组commit oneselfto doing sth.致力于做某事，相当于devote oneself to doing sth. A项为command，意思为命令，B项为compare，意思为比较，C项为comment,意思为评论。24题的正确答案是B，中文意思为故意的。A项为impressive,意思为难忘的 ; C项为ambiguous,意思为模糊的；D项为flexible,意思为灵活的。句意为我所做的事情都不是故意的。31题的正确答案为A，这句话的意思是孩子们不必因为做家务而得到补偿，所以选compensate for。B项为head for，意思为前往，C项为apply for意思为申请，D项为account for，有解释什么的原因还有占据的意思。以上三题都是词义辨析题，要想做好此类题型，平时需要夯实基础。T：Good job. Thank you. Please go back to your seat.Now let’s welcome the representative from group 6.S2 : 33题的正确答案为C beyond.这道题考查的是介词。这句话的意思是超过探视时间是不允许呆在那里的。beyond表示超过。D选项为until.如果选D这句话就变成了not···until句型，但是我们知道在这个句型中主句中的动词必须是短暂性动词，而此句中的stay为延续性动词，所以D项不可以选。34题的正确答案为A，这句话其实是个省略句，补充完整的句子应为if they arehappy,所以选A. 35题考查谚语的运用，正确答案为D Troubles never come singly.祸不单行。AThings at the worst will mend.意思是否极泰来。BTime and tide wait for no man.意思是时不我待。C Fear always springs from ignorance.意思是恐惧源于无知。从上文可知说话人上午钱包被扒窃，下午又遇到车祸，所以听者发出感叹，真是或不单行呀。要想做好谚语的题目，平时一定要做有心人，多搜集多整理。T：Well done. Thank you. Please go back to your seat. Now let’swelcome the representative from group 8.S3 : 60题正确答案为B confirmed,表示确认。这道题的关键点在于文章第一小节的最后一句话Now it seemsthat the idea of dinosaurs thundering across the plain is not so unbelievableand the guess has beenverfied.这句话中尤其要注意not so unbelievable就是believable.既然这个想法是可信的，那么这个猜测肯定是已经被确认的。62题首先我们要理解题目中critical这个词的含义。大家比较熟悉的意思是批评的，但是放在这句话中讲不通，所以我们可以把这个难题先放一放，转而先做其它的题目。不知大家有没有注意到阅读理解D篇中的第一句话，请大家一起来看一下。Most parents andteachers agree that homework is critical to a quality education.通过这句话我们不难看出，critical应该是关键的意思。这时我们可以再回到62题。B篇着重讲的是恐龙的迁徙，生词比较多，遇到这种题目我们一定要克服畏难的心理。这道题可以采取看句子的主干的方法，第三小节中出现了···oxygen infossilized teeth proved···第四小节出现了···by studying chemicalvariations in fossilized teeth.根据这些关键点，我们就可以排除ABC三个选项了。T：Perfect. Thank you. Please go back to your seat. Now let’swelcome the representative from group 12.S4 : 64题C。首先我们要抓住题目的关键词go camping,然后在第二个黑体字的段落我们可以找到campers这个词，然后再仔细看接下来的内容不难发现C就是正确答案。69题只要认真读一下最后一段，就会发现高效率的学生既能完成作业还能享受自己的个人兴趣。现在请大家自己读一下最后一小节。T：Very good. Thank you. Please go back to your seat.四、巩固应用T: Since we have got the rightanswers, let’s do some exercises on the paper to see whether you can put whatyou have learnt into practice. I’ll ask 4 students to come to the blackboard.The others please do it by yourselves.（Check the answers on the blackboard, andremind the students of something important.）T: Today’s homework, pleasereflect what you have learnt. Today, your performance is beyond praise. I’mproud of you.Class is over. 【教学反思】本堂课在呈现问题时，如果能够标出难易程度，学生们先讨论容易的题目，再讨论难题的话，时间将会更加的充裕。总体上学生的表现让人眼前一亮，无论是尖子生还是中等生，甚至学习困难生都能积极探讨，大胆发言，敢于质疑，在这么多听课老师的面前镇定自若。学生能力的提高是一个日积月累的过程，今后还需继续探究这方面的方法策略，帮助学生真正成为学习的主人。